The Form and Characteristics of Automotive Stamping Parts Body
At present, it mainly consists of automotive hardware stamping parts; The parts are stamped parts; It is welded and also made of light metals and non-metallic materials. Generally speaking, the body of a car is mainly composed of a front engine compartment assembly, a floor assembly, left and right side panel assemblies, and a roof assembly. The assemblies are welded together to form the body frame, and then combined with front fenders, doors, engine hood, the back door of a two door car, or the trunk lid of a three door car to form a complete white body.
Interior and exterior decorative components refer to parts and accessories that are installed on the vehicle body and have both practical value and decorative function. The most important part of the interior decoration is the dashboard that presents various data during car use, in addition to the roof, carpet, and various protective panels inside the car. Exterior accessories refer to various accessories that decorate the exterior of a car, such as exterior decorative strips, air intake grilles, ventilation hoods, trademarks, etc.
Vehicle accessories include various locking mechanisms, glass lifters, seats, wipers, interior and exterior mirrors, sun visors, and other accessory devices installed on the vehicle body.
With the development of society, the forms of car bodies are constantly changing, and their classification methods are also diverse. According to the different stress conditions of the vehicle body, it can be divided into load-bearing body and non load-bearing body; According to different appearances, it can be divided into various types such as folding back, straight back, cabin back, short back, etc; According to the number of rows of seats, they can be divided into one row seats, two row seats, and three row seats; According to the different materials used, it can be divided into steel body, plastic body, aluminum body, etc; According to the different functions and equipment of the vehicle body, it can be divided into basic type, comfort type, luxury type, sports type, etc.
The commonly used classification method for car bodies is based on their appearance, mainly including the following:
(1) Foldable body
The folding back type of car body usually has a clear folding line on the back, which is sometimes called a floating bridge type, boat type, three box type, etc. Its main feature is that the car body is composed of three obvious parts: the head, middle, and tail, usually arranged with two rows of seats. This type of car body can be divided into two door and four door types according to the number of doors; According to the presence or absence of the center pillar, it can be divided into ordinary type and hardtop type.
(2) Straight back body
The connection between the rear windshield and the luggage compartment of the straight back body is approximately straight. Compared with the folding back body, it has a streamlined effect, which is conducive to reducing air resistance and increasing the space of the rear luggage compartment. Currently, this model is more commonly used in small and medium-sized sedans. This type of body form is also known as a fastback body, a fastback body, etc.
(3) Cabin back body
The roof of a hatchback body is longer than that of a folding back body, and the angle of the back is smaller than that of a straight back body. The rear trunk and rear window have evolved into a single rear door, and the hatchback body is also called a half back body.
(4) Short back body
The short back body shortens the overall length of the vehicle due to its short back, thereby reducing the weight of the body and meeting the requirements for lightweighting. From an aerodynamic perspective, this type of body can reduce yaw moment and improve form stability. This body form is also known as a ducktail body.
In addition, there are many variants of sedans, which mainly involve changes in the body, such as convertible cars with removed roof or movable roof, two box wagons with folded back roof extending to the rear of the car, and one box wagons with the driver's seat moved forward.
The workpiece that undergoes plastic deformation or separation through mechanical means such as punching machines and molds on plates, strips, pipes, and profiles, resulting in the desired shape and size, is commonly referred to as metal stamping parts. The above forming processing method is called stamping. 60% -70% of the steel in the world is sheet metal, which is widely used in automobile manufacturing. For example, most parts of cars such as the body, chassis, fuel tank, radiator fins, etc. are stamped and processed from sheet metal. Compared with castings and forgings, stamped parts have the advantages of being thin, uniform, lightweight, and strong. They can punch out ribs, edges, and flanges that are difficult to process by other methods. Moreover, the specifications are consistent during mass production, requiring lower labor costs for production.
Stamped parts have the following characteristics:
(1) Stamping parts consume less material, are lightweight, have good rigidity, and undergo plastic deformation to improve their internal structural organization and strength;
(2) Automotive stamping parts have high dimensional accuracy, consistent with the dimensional accuracy of the same module, and good interchangeability. (3) Stamping parts can meet general assembly and usage requirements without further mechanical processing.
(4) Stamped parts maintain good surface quality and are not damaged during the stamping process, resulting in a smooth appearance. This provides powerful conditions for future painting, phosphating, and other surface treatments.
